Grunge emerged from the Seattle music scene of the late 1980s and early 1990s, born from bands like Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, and Alice in Chains. It was a reaction against the polished excess of 1980s hair metal and pop — a deliberate embrace of distortion, noise, and raw emotional honesty. The name itself comes from the word "grungy," meaning dirty and run-down.
The visual language of grunge was shaped by designer David Carson's work in Ray Gun magazine, by photocopied zine culture, and by the DIY ethos of punk. Typography was broken, layouts were chaotic, and the messiness was intentional. It said: we reject your polish and your rules.
On the web, grunge translates into distressed textures, torn edges, and typewriter fonts. It rejects the clean grids of Swiss design and the sleek minimalism of tech startups. Instead, it says: this page was made in a hurry, on purpose, and it does not care if you think it is ugly. The roughness is the message.